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LUCY GRAY - William Wordsworth

        William Wordsworth is an English Romantic poet. His   poem “Lucy Gray” is based on an incident about a little girl narrated to him by his sister Dorothy. In this poem, the poet portrays an image of a little solitary girl who lives with her father and mother in the countryside. She is a lonely child who always likes to roam about the wild. “No mate, no comrade, Lucy knew” This line expresses Lucy’s state of loneliness or solitude. The poetic line, she is “the sweetest thing that ever grew beside a human door” refers Lucy to a plant that grows outside the four walls in the wide moor. The poet then mentions that a fawn or a hare can be easily seen in the wild, but Lucy’s “Sweet face will never more be seen”. On one stormy day at two o’ clock, she goes to town with a lantern in search of her mother as instructed by her father. She walks in the snow with her playful stroke on the powdery snow. It foreshadows that she leaves behind her footsteps everywhere...
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Recalled to Life - Book 1 -A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens

Introduction In A Tale of Two Cities , the French Revolution plays a key role in the story. The novel  begins with the famous line, "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," which reflects the dramatic changes caused by the Revolution. Book 1: Recalled to Life           Charles Dickens introduces a time of contrasts, setting the stage for the story in 1775. Jarvis Lorry, an employee of Tellson's Bank, travels from London to Paris on a secret mission. He is accompanied by Lucie Manette, a 17-year-old woman who is shocked to learn that her father, Dr. Alexandre Manette, is alive after being secretly imprisoned in the Bastille for 18 years. Dr. Manette’s release from the Bastille symbolizes the beginning of the Revolution and the people’s fight for freedom and justice. Upon arriving in Paris, Lorry and Lucie meet Ernest Defarge, Dr. Manette's former servant, who now runs a wine shop(the hub of all revolutionary activity) with h...

Sri Aurobindo’s “Style and Substance”

       Sri Aurobindo’s “Style and Substance” examines the relationship between poetic style and substance, arguing that the highest form of poetry goes beyond merely expressing thoughts, emotions, or intellect. It highlights that true poetic vision and the highest style of poetry transcend the ordinary use of language and sentiment. Poetic Style and Substance The style of poetry usually matches its content, although not always perfectly. Different types of poetic styles include: Vital Style: Focuses on life's energy and vitality. Emotional Style: Emphasizes feelings and sentiments. Intellectual Style: Highlights thoughts and intellectual ideas. These styles are common in poetry but differ from the language of higher spiritual imagination. True poetic vision requires more than just forceful expression of thought or emotion. Examples of Lesser Poetic Vision Byron's Sentimental Line: "There’s not a joy the world can give like...

Houghton’s The Dear Departed

Plot Summary        The play  The Dear Departed   depicts the tragic scenario of deteriorating moral values in today's middle class, where children show no care for their elderly parents and are only interested in grabbing their belongings. Initially, Abel Merryweather's daughter falsely declares him dead to quickly claim his possessions with her husband. However, the truth surfaces when Abel, still alive, confronts their greed. Shocked by their behavior, Abel decides to live independently and change his will, planning to marry Mrs. Shorrocks to ensure genuine care in his old age. The play highlights the abandonment of familial duty and the consequences of selfishness in contemporary society. Paragraphs 1.      How does The Dear Departed reflect the social attitudes towards family and death? The Dear Departed reflects the selfish and materialistic attitude of people towards family and death. In the play, the Slaters and the Jordans...

Parts of Speech

  Nouns : A noun is a word for a person, place, thing, or idea. i)                Common Nouns: General names for a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., dog, city, car). ii)              Proper Nouns: Specific names for a particular person, place, thing, or idea, always capitalized (e.g., London, Sarah, Toyota). iii)            Abstract Nouns: Names for intangible concepts, qualities, or conditions (e.g., love, freedom, happiness). iv)             Concrete Nouns: Names for things that can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted (e.g., apple, building, cat). v)              Collective Nouns: Names for a group of people or things (e.g., team, flock, committee). vi)   ...

Katherine Mansfield – A Dill Pickle (Bliss and other stories)

  Katherine Mansfield – A Dill Pickle (Bliss and other stories) Katherine Mansfield, often compared to Chekhov, is renowned for her short stories that emphasize atmosphere and real life over exciting plots. Her work is praised for its originality and sensitivity to beauty. One of her most significant masterpieces, "A Dill Pickle" (1917), is based on her own experiences. After ending her early marriage in 1909, Mansfield fell in love with Francis Hayman in 1910, but their relationship ended due to his family's disapproval of her divorce. Despite hoping for a reconciliation when she became pregnant, Mansfield faced loneliness and eventually aborted the child. Six years later, they met again in a restaurant which inspired her to write a short story. Katherine Mansfield’s story "A Dill Pickle" highlights the differences between a man and a woman who were once lovers and meet again after six years. The story follows Vera, a sensitive young woman, and her encounte...